Moderate Red Wine Consumption Increases the Expression of Longevity-Associated Genes in Controlled Human Populations and Extends Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.

Juan Gambini,Daniel Monleón,Jose Viña,Maret G Traber,Lucia Gimeno-Mallench,Angela Mastaloudis,Consuelo Borrás,Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez

doi:10.3390/antiox10020301

Juan Gambini, Daniel Monleón + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020301

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Journal: Antioxidants	Publication Date: Feb 16, 2021
Citations: 14	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Valencia, Oregon State University

Abstract

The beneficial effects of moderate red wine consumption on cardiovascular health are well known. The composition of red wine includes several compounds, such as the phytoestrogen resveratrol, that exert these beneficial effects, although not all the mechanisms by which they act are known. Our aim was to study the effect of red wine consumption on longevity-related genes in controlled human populations, such as cloistered nuns. We found that the expression of catalase, manganese-superoxide dismutase, Sirt1, and p53 was increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 14 days of moderate red wine consumption. This increase was accompanied by an enhanced metabolic wellness: fatty acids, cholesterol, branched chain amino acids (isoleucine and leucine), ketone bodies (acetoacetate), bacterial co-metabolites (trimethylamine), and cellular antioxidants (taurine) contributed to a change in metabolic profile after moderate red wine consumption by the nuns. No serious unwanted side effects were observed. Finally, we tested the effect of moderate red wine consumption on longevity in a controlled animal population, such as D. melanogaster, and found that it increased average life span by 7%. In conclusion, moderate red wine consumption increases the expression of key longevity-related genes and improves metabolic health in humans and increases longevity in flies.

Highlights

The beneficial effects of moderate red wine consumption were known from the times of Hippocrates [1]
Cardiovascular beneficial effects were observed in humans after ingesting 400 mL of wine daily for four weeks as there was a significant increase in their high density lipoprotein (HDL) level; this did not occur when white wine was used [5]
Our results show that moderate red wine consumption increases the expression of longevity-associated genes in D. melanogaster and in humans and longevity in D. melanogaster

Summary

Introduction

The beneficial effects of moderate red wine consumption were known from the times of Hippocrates [1]. This benefit was occasionally suggested in modern biochemical studies [2], but it was in 1992 when the French paradox was proposed [3]. This was a landmark study that showed that in spite of high consumption of saturated fats, the French population had low indices of cardiovascular risk [3,4] when compared with other countries with otherwise similar dietary habits. Interesting is the study published by Hung et al which showed that moderate alcohol consumption was associated with slower HDL-cholesterol

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