Abstract

Objective: To summarise quantitatively the association between moderate alcohol intake and biological markers of risk of coronary heart disease and to predict how these changes would lower the risk.Design: Meta-analysis...

Highlights

  • The inverse association between moderate alcohol intake and coronary heart disease is documented in over 40 prospective studies in diverse populations.[1,2,3,4,5] Men and women who consume one to three drinks a day have a 10% to 40% lower risk of coronary heart disease than those who abstain

  • Design Meta-analysis of all experimental studies that assessed the effects of moderate alcohol intake on concentrations of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A I, fibrinogen, triglycerides, and other biological markers previously found to be associated with risk of coronary heart disease

  • Alcohol intake is causally related to lower risk of coronary heart disease through changes in lipids and haemostatic factors

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Summary

Introduction

The inverse association between moderate alcohol intake and coronary heart disease is documented in over 40 prospective studies in diverse populations.[1,2,3,4,5] Men and women who consume one to three drinks a day have a 10% to 40% lower risk of coronary heart disease than those who abstain. Over 75 experimental studies have examined the effects of alcohol intake on lipids, haemostatic factors, vitamins, glucose, insulin, and lipid peroxidation.[10] w1-w55 only a few epidemiological studies have simultaneously examined the relation between alcohol intake, biochemical variables, and subsequent risk of coronary heart disease.w56-w61 From these studies it is estimated that half of the beneficial effect of moderate alcohol intake is due to increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations This calculation may, be an underestimate because it does not take into account measurement error in the assessment of average alcohol intake or biological variability in high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Other biochemical variables, such as fibrinogen, triglycerides, von Willebrand factor, and insulin, were not examined in these simultaneous models

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