Models of inhomogeneous polarization of ferroelectrics and their practical application

Abstract

A three-dimensional mathematical model is proposed that describes the ferroelectric response of polycrystalline ferroelectrics to an electric field in the absence of mechanical stresses. It is based on the separation of the switching process into two related parts: the rotation of the spontaneous polarization vectors and the destruction of the domain wall fixing mechanisms. For each of the parts, the energy costs are calculated, which are the components of the energy balance in the real polarization process. The constitutive relations for the induced and residual components of the polarization vector of the representative volume are obtained. A number of numerical experiments were performed, which showed good agreement with the experimental data.