Abstract
Este trabajo pretende realizar aportaciones de interés para reducir la brecha existente entre el comportamiento energético real y previsto en edificios. Tiene como principal objetivo establecer modelos predictivos que relacionen el consumo eléctrico de climatización para mantener unas determinadas condiciones operacionales en el ambiente interior, según sea el clima exterior, en función de la solución de fachada. Esos modelos predictivos se obtienen para módulos de ensayo en la que toda su envolvente es adiabática, a excepción de la fachada que se quiere ensayar. Tres soluciones de fachada han sido consideradas: una base que se corresponde con una solución de doble hoja de ladrillo con cámara de aire intermedia, la solución más común en viviendas plurifamiliares en España que fueron construidos entre 1940 y 1980, previamente a la primera normativa que, con carácter global, limitaba la demanda energética en los edificios; y dos soluciones de rehabilitación de la fachada anterior muy frecuentemente utilizadas: Fachada Ventilada y ETICS. Usando los datos de monitorización de los consumos eléctricos de equipos de climatización en esos tres módulos, se generan esos modelos predictivos, tanto para el periodo de verano como el de invierno, que son rectas de regresión lineal cuyas ecuaciones se enuncian, así como sus principales parámetros estadísticos.
Highlights
This paper is the outcome of a research project entitled REFAVIV (Spanish acronym for energy retrofitting on deteriorated subsidised housing façades using innovative national and European products) funded by the Spanish Government under the National R&D+I Plan (BIA2012-39020-C02-01)
The data recorded showed that the HVAC facilities in M2 (VF) and M3 (ETICS) consumed 78 % and 82 %, respectively, of the energy consumed by the facility in M1 (Table 4)
This study establishes predictive models that relate façade type to the electric consumption by HVAC facilities to maintain indoor target conditions (20 °C in winter and 23 °C in summer) in test cells fitted with the respective façade
Summary
This paper is the outcome of a research project entitled REFAVIV (Spanish acronym for energy retrofitting on deteriorated subsidised housing façades using innovative national and European products) funded by the Spanish Government under the National R&D+I Plan (BIA2012-39020-C02-01). The second [12], a follow-up on the first (PASSYS/PASLINK programme), used test cells funded by the European Commission to quantify the performance of passive solar building components It was published in a special issue of Building and Environment in 2008 devoted to standard experiments conducted in Europe, along with other papers by Strachan [13] and Strachan and Baker [14] and others, including Leal and Maldonado [15] Piccolo [16] later reported findings for tests run with cells to assess the energy performance of an electrochromic window. The primary aim of this study was to develop predictive models able to relate mean outdoor summer and winter temperatures to the energy consumption required to maintain comfortable conditions in three test cells, each fitted with a different type of façade. That would fulfil the second objective of this paper, namely to respond to the European Commission’s call for methods able to deliver estimates that afford a closer match to actual building performance
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