Abstract
The north-western part of the Black Sea Ukrainian coast is characterized by the presence of 12 marine lagoons which do not presently have permanent natural connections with the sea. Because of regional climate change, these lagoons have experienced a significant deficit of annual freshwater balance during the last decades and, consequently, an increase in salinity and eutrophication of their waters. One way to stabilize the hydroecological regime of lagoons is to maintain their regular connection with the sea via artificial connecting channels. The deepest and most prolonged Tyligulskyi Liman lagoon is used as an example to determine the morphometric characteristics (width, depth) of the artificial connecting channel which ensures bidirectional water exchange of the lagoon with the sea, i. e. its partial flushing. A numerical hydrodynamic model is used to estimate how the morphometric characteristics of the connecting channel influence the intensity of water exchange between the lagoon and the sea and of water renewal by seawater for the various parts of the lagoon. The dynamics of sea water volume concentration in reference points in the lagoon is used as an indicator of seawater intrusion into the lagoon and their degree of water renewal in its various zones. The proposed methodology could be used for other lagoons of the same type in the north-western part of the Black Sea.
Highlights
Coastal marine lagoons have significant socioeconomic importance because they provide various ecosystem services to satisfy several public needs [1, 2]
Modelling results for the variability of water flow rate in the connecting channel are shown in Fig. 2 for the different morphometric characteristics
(2019), «EUREKA: Physics and Engineering» Number 5 established at all points of computational grid in the lagoon, before the water exchange between the lagoon and the sea will restore in the following year
Summary
Coastal marine lagoons have significant socioeconomic importance because they provide various ecosystem services to satisfy several public needs (tourism, recreation, high fish productivity, possibilities for aquaculture development, etc.) [1, 2]. The north-western part of the Black Sea Ukrainian coast is characterized by the presence of 16 marine basins of lagoon and estuarine type whose local name is «the limans». Twelve of them are separated from the sea by barriers (isthmus or sand-shell spit) with a width from a few hundred meters up to 4 km [3]. These lagoons are formally called «closed» and are occasionally connected with the sea by artificially created open channels or other water-conveying hydrotechnical constructions. Natural breaks could periodically form in their isthmuses. With few exceptions, this process has practically stopped because of the anthropogenic transformation of the majority of the isthmuses
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