Abstract
Polyurethane cationomer coats were synthesised on the basis of typical diisocyanates, properly selected polyether polyols, HO-tertiary amines and HCOOH as quaternisation reagents. The values of their surface free energy (SFE) parameters were obtained by the van Oss-Good method, with the use of the contact angle values which had been found by the goniometric method. Based on the obtained findings, empirical models were developed which made it possible to anticipate the effects of the raw material types on the SFE values of the produced coats. The possibility was noted to adjust the SFE values within 25–50 mJ/m2 by selecting carefully suitable parent substances. The principal consequences for the formation of improved hydrophobicity coats, applicable inter alia specialised protective coatings, were found to come not only from diisocyanate and polyol types but also from the alkylammonium cation structure which results from the use of different tertiary amines. The fundamental SFE lowering effect was noted when tertiary amines with 0–15 % of the 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,4-butanediol as a fluorinated chain extender was incorporated into polymer chains.
Highlights
The coatings obtained from cationomer polyurethanes were found applicable as waterborne polyurethanes inP
N-MDA is used for the manufacture of alkylammonium cations and other more water-repellent tertiary amines or amino acids like, for example, lysine may Colloid Polym Sci (2014) 292:1051–1059 be used [16, 17]
The additive effects of surface free energy components and our earlier research [19] made us select the additive model as a tool to describe the influence of the polyurethane chemical structure on the SFE value of the polymer film obtained from that polyurethane
Summary
The coatings obtained from cationomer polyurethanes (more frequently termed “cationic polyurethanes” in reference papers) were found applicable as waterborne polyurethanes inP. Wetting angles Θ were first measured for the surfaces of cationomer coatings with the use of three model liquids (redistilled water, diiodomethane and formamide) with known parameters of γL, γLLW,γL+ and γL− (Table 2), and Eq (8) was used to calculate the values of γSLW,γS+ and γS− for the studied cationomers.
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