Modelling the low‐latitude boundary layer with reconnection entry

Abstract

We develop a one‐dimensional Low‐Latitude Boundary Layer (LLBL) model for northward IMF. The boundary layer in this model is uniform in the direction normal to the magnetopause, a “plateautype” boundary layer. The boundary layer motion is decoupled from the magnetosheath motion and driven by the plasma pressure associated with the incoming solar wind plasma near local noon, which has become entrained on closed field lines as a result of reconnection in the cusp region. Dissipation in the ionosphere at the feet of the boundary layer field lines opposes this motion. There are two physical solutions for the model. In one, the boundary layer reaches a terminal velocity in the tail as the boundary layer plasma effectively joins the solar wind flow. In the other solution, the flow is nearly stopped in the far tail. In combination with other mechanisms, this latter solution may correspond to the case in which the boundary layer plasma participates in magnetospheric convection and returns sunward. The density, velocity, and thickness as functions of distance from local noon are studied, assuming that the magnetopause has elliptical shape and the magnetospheric field is dipolar.