Abstract
This paper presents a macroscopic model of free-surface pattern formation incarbonaceous mesophase thin films. Carbonaceous mesophases are discoticnematic liquid crystals and the model presented here is based on the equationsof classical continuum physics of liquid crystals, including bulk andinterfacial force and torque balance equations. The model predicts that forsufficiently thin films, of the order of tens of microns, differentorientations at the substrate and at the free surface produce elasticdistortions, which can be less costly by setting up a free-surface pointdefect lattice. The free-surface point defect lattice produces a periodicsurface relief, such that at a defect location the free surface has a cusp ora dip. The elevation (depression) of the cusps (dips) is proportional to theorientation elastic modulus and inversely proportional to the surface tension,and their magnitude lies in the micron range. The free-surface lattice ofcusps and dips is a way to produce ordered surface reliefs in carbon-basedthin films.
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