Modelling Spatio-Temporal of Mangrove Ecosystem and Community Local Wisdom in Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura), Ngurah Rai, Bali

Abstract

Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Ngurah Rai Bali has a vital role in providing environmental services in supporting the tourism in Bali. This research aims to find out the condition of area and density of mangrove and local wisdom conditions of the surrounding community in support of mangrove conservation in Tahura Ngurah Rai Bali. Identification of mangrove using band composites of NIR+SWIR+RED. The method of separating mangroves and non-mangroves using a supervised classification, while the mangrove density calculation using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Literature review and descriptive analysis were also conducted to determine the conditions of local wisdom. The results of the accuracy test of mangrove mapping obtained the accuracy Kappa by 79%. The condition of the mangrove from 1995-2015 has an increase in the area of 27.87 Ha or about 0.22%, while in 2015-2019, it suffered a decrease in the area of 7.2 Ha or 0.06%. Mangrove density in the north and southwest of the research location changed from medium to high density. In 2015, new mangrove cover was found in the two regions, indicating mangrove rehabilitation efforts. This effort is supported by the community's local wisdom, who appreciate mangroves' existence in their area. The community's local wisdom is an essential part of community social capital in mangrove conservation, which can be seen from several aspects, including trust and solidarity, collective aspects and cooperation, and empowerment and political aspects.