Abstract
In this paper, a case study is conducted based on the real data obtained from the local Distribution System Operator (DSO) of electrical energy. The analyzed network represents connections and high-voltage switchgears of 110 kV. Selected graph parameters—vertex degree distribution, the average vertex degree, the graph density, network efficiency, the clustering coefficient, the average path length, and the graph diameter were examined, taking into account that in the analysis, some nodes were removed due to the different failures. For each failure, the possible effects on network parameters were tested. As a final result, it was shown that in the analyzed case, the removal of only five nodes could cause a significant (almost four times) fall of graph efficiency. In turn, this means that the whole analyzed network cannot be considered as a fault-tolerant.
Highlights
The theory of complex systems and its applications to modeling network behavior and parameters has brought new methodology and interesting concepts in many areas of science [1]
Having in mind that the power grid can be modeled as a graph G, in this paper, we focus on possible applications of complex systems and networks theory in modeling power network vulnerability
The higher the values of these parameters, the more geographically extensive is the system; simulations of the most important node failures reduce these values because it divides the network into smaller and independent parts, they cannot be able to ensure energy transport. It was shown an analysis of selected network parameters when a simple scenario of different node failures is applied
Summary
The theory of complex systems and its applications to modeling network behavior and parameters has brought new methodology and interesting concepts in many areas of science [1]. We believe that the theory of complex systems with its conceptual apparatus is the answer This is very important, taking into account the possible future plans related to the energetic security and energy independence of different countries of the EU (European Union), for example, the electrical power connection (bridge) between Poland and Lithuania. Having in mind that the power grid can be modeled as a graph G, in this paper, we focus on possible applications of complex systems and networks theory in modeling power network vulnerability. Our analysis is based on the removal of some network nodes (for instance, this can be understood as their failure), and the significant changes appeared in the whole network topology They lead to a drop in network efficiency and, in turn, to the increase of the energy transmission cost.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
