Abstract
The behaviour of pile foundations subjected to single directional lateral and axial loading has been substantially investigated in the past. However, the response of a pile subjected to a change in lateral loading direction or inclined loading (i.e. combined axial and lateral loading) has not been treated adequately. There is an increasing demand for a design method that considers the interaction between the responses of the pile-soil system when loads are applied in more than one direction, particularly for pile foundations that are installed offshore, which incur substantial lateral and torsional loads. This paper presents a multi-directional Winkler system that is modeled using an energy based variational (EBV) method, considering interaction at each depth along the pile using a series of local yield surfaces. © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group.
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