Modelling of Surface Runoff on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia, Using ERA5 Reanalysis

Tatiana Matveeva,Aleksey Sidorchuk

doi:10.3390/w12082099

Tatiana Matveeva, Aleksey Sidorchuk

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/w12082099

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Journal: Water	Publication Date: Jul 24, 2020
Citations: 6	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Institute of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University

Abstract

The Yamal peninsula is a territory of active industrial development as it contains several rich fields of natural condensed gas and oil. The density of the gullies net on the Yamal peninsula is one of the highest in the Russian Arctic. The natural environment or constructions can be potentially damaged by gully erosion and the cost of such damage is high. The models of gully erosion require surface runoff estimates. The hydrological model was developed for surface runoff estimation during the spring snow thaw and summer rains. In the conditions of Arctic climate with deep permafrost, the losses in runoff are limited to evaporation, as soil permeability is negligible. The model was calibrated on the available measurements. The meteorological base for hydrological calculations was ERA5 reanalysis, the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses, validated on the meteorological data. The deviations of reanalysis data from the measurements cause the errors in the results of surface runoff calculation. The daily surface runoff can vary in the range of 18–30% due to ERA5 errors in air temperature and snow cover depth. As the daily surface runoff is the main input to the models of gully erosion, these errors must be taken into account in the modelling of gully erosion on the Yamal peninsula.

Highlights

The Yamal peninsula is a broad territory in the Russian Arctic, bounded by Baidaratskaya Bay from the west, Kara Sea from the north, Ob Bay from the east, and the Ob river valley from the south.The area of the peninsula is 122,000 km2 with the length from south to north 750 km and the width140–240 km [1]
The reanalysis data were validated on the available meteorological measurements for this region before being used for hydrological modelling
We evaluate the quality of ERA5 reanalysis using in situ observational data from seven meteorological stations located on the Yamal peninsula and in the adjacent areas

Summary

Introduction

The Yamal peninsula is a broad territory in the Russian Arctic, bounded by Baidaratskaya Bay from the west, Kara Sea from the north, Ob Bay from the east, and the Ob river valley from the south.The area of the peninsula is 122,000 km with the length from south to north 750 km and the width140–240 km [1]. The Yamal peninsula is a broad territory in the Russian Arctic, bounded by Baidaratskaya Bay from the west, Kara Sea from the north, Ob Bay from the east, and the Ob river valley from the south. The area of the peninsula is 122,000 km with the length from south to north 750 km and the width. It extends along the longitudes 67–73◦ E between the Arctic Circle (66.56◦ N) and the latitude 73◦ N (Figure 1). Fragile forestless tundra landscape and deep permafrost, this land is the territory of active industrial development as it contains several rich fields of natural condensed gas and oil. The main reason is that the world energy budget cannot be closed without this source of hydro-carbonates [2,3,4,5,6].

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