Abstract
Abstract Radiation damage in diamond is a major experimental research tool and is becoming a technologically important topic. Although the vacancy and its complexes are well understood, the other products, the interstitials, are much less studied. Recent theoretical modelling of defects in diamond has assisted in the identification of several structures and processes. The nitrogen interstitial has been established as having a buckled bond-centred structure, with the splitting of local modes under isotope substitution that is observed. It has a metastable structure that is more stable in the negative charge state, which helps to explain the anomalous annealing data. The models of the self-interstitial agree that it has a (001) split structure. However, here, it is difficult to identify the experimental data with the defect. A brief review of the experimental data along with the theoretical models leads to the conclusion that the R2 centre, seen in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), may derive from the split interstitial. The 5RL optical centre and the 1570 cm −1 infra-red absorption have vibrational modes of similar energies to those of the split interstitial, but the high annealing temperatures imply that the interstitial is trapped in these centres.
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