Abstract
This study presents an analytical study of heat transfer for progressive freeze desalination of brackish water, seawater, and brine utilizing the vertical freezing apparatus. An analytical model was formulated by applying a heat balance at the ice-liquid interface. The model accounted for a reduced ice-liquid interface temperature during the process. Moreover, the convective heat transfer coefficient for the forced flow (saltwater and coolant) situation was considered in the model. The solution of the model predicts the rate of ice formation, ice thickness, and overall heat transfer coefficient. The influence of saltwater stirring rate, coolant temperature, initial concentration, and immerse speed of the crystallizer into the coolant on the rate of ice formation, ice thickness, and overall heat transfer coefficient was investigated. The analytical data of the rate of ice formation was compared with the experimental findings from the literature. The analytical data and the experimental findings matched reasonably. A marginal error between analytical and experimental data was observed in the range of 5%–8%. The model assists in understanding the heat transfer during the process.
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