Abstract
During dry periods, the flow of medium and small streams is significantly reduced and equal to groundwater flow. Since the base flows provide information about aquifer characteristics and retention characteristics of a basin, the possibilities of analysis and simulation of base flows gain importance under the conditions of intensive water use and the increasing demand for adequate water quality protection. In this paper, a model was established and used for the description of the principles governing the changes of base runoff on the basis of a streamflow hydrograph registered at the outlet of the basin on the example of the Kolubara basin up to the ?Valjevo? profile. Since the amount of base runoff from a basin cannot be measured, the results of base flows obtained using the local minimum method were adopted as the criterion for the comparison of the modelled values of base runoffs. The created model was applied for making simulations of the base runoff hydrograph during three characteristic years (rainy 1970, average 1985, and dry 1990). Deviations between the base flow values obtained using the established model and by applying the local minimum method are acceptable from the standpoint of general hydrological accuracy.
Highlights
Summary Assuming that the runoff hydrograph of a surface watercourse presents commonly known quantity that can be observed and registered at the outlet of the basin, and that it can be analyzed by separating the two components, this paper deals with the possibility of analysis and simulation components of the base flow, i.e. groundwater flow
Conditions of intensive water use and an increasing demand for adequate protection of water quality impose the necessity for the analysis and simulation of base flows and low flow periods
The quantity of base flow from a catchment cannot be measured, but there are different graphical methods and computational procedures, which help in the separation of base flows from the total runoff hydrograph
Summary
Извод: У току сушних периода, протицај на средњим и малим водотоцима је значајно смањен и једнак је протицају подземних вода. С обзиром да базни отицаји пружају информације о особинама аквифера и ретензионим карактеристикама слива, могућности анализе и симулације базних протицаја постају значајни у условима интензивног коришћења вода и све већих захтева и потреба за адекватном заштитом квалитета вода. С обзиром да величину базног отицаја са неког слива није могуће измерити, резултати базних протицаја добијени применом методе локалних минимума усвојени су као критеријум према коме су поређене моделиране вредности базних отицаја. Применом формираног модела урађене су симулације хидрограма базног отицаја током три карактеристичне године Одступања између вредности базних протицаја добијених применом формираног модела и применом методе локалних минимума су прихватљива са становишта опште хидролошке тачности. Kључне речи: базни отицаји, моделирање, хидрограм отицаја, крива концентрације, рецесиона крива
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