Abstract
The problem of electrical power delivery is a common problem, especially in remote areas where electrical networks are difficult to reach. One of the ways that is used to overcome this problem is the use of networks separated from the electrical system through which it is possible to supply electrical energy to remote areas. These networks are called standalone microgrid systems. In this paper, a standalone micro-grid system consisting of a Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) is being designed and controlled. Fuzzy logic-based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is being applied to a boost converter to control and extract the maximum power available for the PV system. The control system is designed to deliver the required energy to a specific load, in all scenarios. The excess energy generated by the PV panel is used to charge the batteries when the energy generated by the PV panel exceeds the energy required by the load. When the electricity generated by the PV panels is insufficient to meet the load’s demands, the extra power is extracted from the charged batteries. In addition, the controller protects the battery banks in all conditions, including normal, overcharging, and overdischarging conditions. The controller should handle each case correctly. Under normal operation conditions (20% < State of Charge (SOC) < 80%), the controller functions as expected, regardless of the battery’s state of charge. When the SOC reaches 80%, a specific command is delivered, which shuts off the PV panel and the wind turbine. The PV panel and wind turbine cannot be connected until the SOC falls below a safe margin value of 75% in this controller. When the SOC goes below 20%, other commands are sent out to turn off the inverter and disconnect the loads. The electricity to the inverter is turned off until the batteries are charged again to a suitable value.
Highlights
The use of renewable energy resources has rapidly increased in the last few years because of the global lack of conventional energy sources
The control system is intended to achieve the load in all cases as follows: when the energy generated by the PV panel exceeds the energy consumed by the load, the excess energy is used to charge the batteries
Regardless of the battery’s state of charge, the controller performs as expected under normal operating conditions (20% < State of Charge (SOC) < 80%)
Summary
The use of renewable energy resources has rapidly increased in the last few years because of the global lack of conventional energy sources. Several factors are affecting the use of these resources such as the large capital cost and the uncontrollable parameters of the environment like variation of wind speed and sun irradiance. An intelligent energy control system should be applied to switch the supply from one source to another according to load variations, ambient environment, and the State of Charge (SoC) of the energy storage systems. A microgrid system is the most efficient system used to adapt the variation of the previous parameters in a multi-sources renewable energy system which is called a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES). In [2], the use of a photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) generator hybrid microgrid architecture was constructed.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
