Abstract
The reliability of the modelling system mainly depends on the simulation of underwater acoustic channel characteristics. The reliability of simulator is improved because of the use of Bellhop in NS-Miracle. World Ocean Simulation System (WOSS) can retrieve the data of marine environment by accessing the database of seabed depth, sound speed profile and seabed sediment, and transmit them to Bellhop simulator automatically, so that the model is closer to the actual underwater acoustic transmission channel than not using WOSS. In order to verify the reliability of NS2/NS-Miracle simulation system with WOSS, a centralized underwater sensor network with five nodes is simulated on the integrated simulation system. The characteristic empirical model, Bellhop Ray-Tracing model, and WOSS combined with Bellhop model are, respectively, adopted to simulate underwater acoustic channel. The results of three types of simulation, such as average throughput, average delay, and packet error rate, and simulation time are very close under the same condition. It proves that the accuracy of integrated simulation system is as excellent as that of NS-Miracle. However, WOSS can automatically acquire the actual sea environment parameters and provide them to the simulator, which can improve the authenticity of the simulation system. Furthermore, three MAC protocols, Aloha-CS, CSMA/CA, and DACAP, are simulated on the integrated simulation system under the same condition including ocean environment, network topology, and parameters. The results show that the performance of CSMA/CA is greater than the other protocols in such networks. It also proves that the integrated simulation system can accurately simulate the relevant characteristics of the MAC protocol.
Highlights
Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) [1,2,3] has a wide range of application prospects in civilian and military fields
In order to test whether the integrated simulation platform can operate correctly after the introduction of World Ocean Simulation System (WOSS) and Bellhop and simulate the transmission of underwater sound waves as realistically as possible, the paper selected a centralized network with five nodes, its network topology is shown in Figure 3, and the MAC protocol uses the Additive Link On-line Haw Aii (Aloha) protocol [33]
The NS2/NS-Miracle simulation system extended by WOSS and Bellhop can simulate correctly the propagation characteristics of underwater acoustic channel
Summary
Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) [1,2,3] has a wide range of application prospects in civilian and military fields. The underwater sensor network has been no stranger to the people It has been widely used in industrial, civil, and military fields [4,5,6,7] and has a very impressive application scenario [8]. The common feature of the above simulation platforms is that they did not consider the differences between underwater environments in different sea areas (such as sea temperature, salinity, depth, and seabed sediments). These parameters can affect underwater acoustic propagation.
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