Abstract
Geophysical surveys utilising magnetic and electromagnetic techniques were carried out at the Siloam hot spring. The spring is in the Soutpansberg Basin in the northern part of South Africa. The research was to investigate groundwater bearing structures at the hot spring. Magnetic survey results showed that the spring occurs between two north dipping dykes. The two dykes could be faulted segments of a single dyke or sill. Magnetic susceptibility results highlighted the presence of metamorphic and volcanic rocks. Electromagnetic survey results showed that the hot spring was within a roughly east to west trending, zone with high electrical conductivity values. Based on the survey results, water is exploiting fractures in the dyke or sill.
Highlights
Ground magnetic and electromagnetic surveys were carried out at the Siloam hot spring in the Soutpansberg Basin located in northern South Africa
High electromagnetic conductivity values were obtained across the Siloam Fault due to mud flows that were induced by excess rainwater (Brandl, Mitchev, Stettler, Graham, & Smit, 2001)
The Siloam hot spring occurs in a low magnetic intensity zone between two interpreted dykes or sills
Summary
Ground magnetic and electromagnetic surveys were carried out at the Siloam hot spring in the Soutpansberg Basin located in northern South Africa. Ground magnetic surveys were carried out across the Siloam hot spring and delineated two east-west striking dykes with a separation of approximately 135 m, located to the north and south of the hot spring, respectively (Nyabeze, Venter, Olivier & Motlakeng, 2010). High electromagnetic conductivity values were obtained across the Siloam Fault due to mud flows that were induced by excess rainwater (Brandl, Mitchev, Stettler, Graham, & Smit, 2001). Three zones with high electromagnetic derived conductivity values above 100 mS/m namely a central zone associated with the spring, a southern zone and a north zone associated with the Siloam Fault were previously delineated (Nyabeze, Venter, Olivier, & Motlakeng, 2010). The ZondMag 2D routine carries out modelling and computations that considers the geomagnetic parameters of the study area, such as the declination and inclination of the magnetic induction vector, the value of the normal field, the magnetic susceptibility of the host rocks and the topography (Zond, 2010)
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