Abstract
We compared the catalytic effects of two polymers (soluble starch and apple pectin) on the flocculation of kaolinite suspension. Moreover, the relationship between the zeta potential value and the time when kaolin particle sedimentation occurred was verified, and the mechanism of flocculation was analyzed. Additionally, a constitutive model was proposed to simulate the non-ideal sedimentation of clay particles in an aqueous system under constant gravity. This model not only considers the inhomogeneity of the solute but also simulates the change in clay concentration with time during the deposition process. This model proposes a decay constant (α) and sedimentation coefficient (s). The model can also be used to calculate the instantaneous sedimentation rate of the clay suspensions at any time and any depth for the settling cylinder. These sedimentary characteristics were simulated by adopting the established deposition model. The results show that the model is capable of predicting the time required for the complete sedimentation of particles in the aqueous system, suggesting the feasibility of engineering wastewater treatment, site dredging, etc.
Highlights
The sedimentation of silt clay, the consolidation of dredged soil, and the density and deformation control during the construction of earth-rock dams and cofferdams are closely related to the flocculation and settlement of clay
A constitutive model was proposed to simulate the non-ideal settlement of the clay particles under constant-gravity conditions
The key parameters of the instantaneous settling rate of the reaction were derived from the constant-gravity non-ideal sedimentation model
Summary
The sedimentation of silt clay, the consolidation of dredged soil, and the density and deformation control during the construction of earth-rock dams and cofferdams are closely related to the flocculation and settlement of clay. Clay particles usually carry negative charges on their surface. Because of the nature of the ionization effect in the aftermath of organic matter in water, macromolecular organic matter, through hydrogen bonding, adsorbs to the surface of the clay particles, prompting clay particle flocculation, affecting the precipitation process of clay particles and the formation of a different microstructure [2], resulting in the physical and mechanical properties of the soil being significantly different. The sedimentation process of soil is closely related to its ultimate mechanical properties.
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