Abstract
Little is known about how much wastewater infiltrates the soil via the trench sidewall versus the trench bottom in onsite wastewater systems. Our objectives were to develop a method of simulating trench bottom and sidewall flow using a two-dimensional numerical computer model that would include the trench within the model space and determine how much sidewall flow would occur under steady-state conditions. We used HYDRUS-2D to simulate water flow in a two-dimensional cross section of a conventional gravel-filled trench and the surrounding drainfield. Hydraulic properties of the gravel were assumed (saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks =1,000 cm d−1 ) and simulations were run for drainfield soils consisting of a clay loam ( Ks =3.2 cm d−1 ) and a sand ( Ks =41 cm d−1 ) . Biomats were simulated at the bottom of the trench and part way up the trench sidewall ( Ks =0.2 to 2.8 cm d−1 depending on the simulation). Typical wastewater loading rates for Georgia of 2 and 4 cm d−1 for the clay loam and sand, respecti...
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