Abstract
This paper reports the results of studying the effect of two additives such as polyether siloxane (PS) and sodium polyacrylate (SPA) on the wetting of various substrates in water-borne paints (WB paints). Titanium dioxide (TiO2), paraffin (PA), steel (ST), and glass (GL) were used as solid substrates. The edge wetting angle (θ0) and the ratio (dCosθ/dСS) were used as the criterion for assessing the wettability of solid substrates. In aqueous solutions (without acrylic resin), both surfactants improve the wetting of the substrates. For PS, all the substrates studied, depending on θ depression, can be arranged in a row: ST>PA>GL>TiO2. For SPA: PA>TiO2>GL>ST. The introduction of an acrylic film-forming agent in the composition enhances the wetting ability of SPA (in comparison with the aqueous solution of surfactants). With an increase in the concentration of SPA from 0 to 4 g/dm3 in acrylic resin solutions, the edge wetting angle of steel decreases by 6÷8° (while in water by only 3°). With respect to TiO2, the wetting activity of SPA does not depend on the acrylic content of the water. PS in acrylic-containing compositions exhibits worse wetting activity than SPA. The introduction of surfactants in the compositions improves the quality of coatings. With optimal SPA contents in the compositions, the corrosion rate of coatings is reduced (in distilled water by 45 %, in 60 % NaCl solution by 60 %). At the same time, the gloss of coatings increases by 50 % while adhesion increases by 2 points (according to ISO 11845: 2020). This is fully correlated with the nature of the effect of surfactants on the wetting of the steel substrate and pigment (titanium dioxide). Based on probabilistic-deterministic planning, the compositions of WB paints were optimized, ensuring their maximum wetting of TiO2 and ST. Equations for calculating cosθ depending on the content of acrylic polymer and surfactants have been derived
Highlights
When using paints and varnishes, great attention is paid to environmental aspects [1], which leads to a large-scale replacement of organ-dilute paints with water-borne ones
There are primary and secondary aqueous dispersions of polymers [2], in which the dispersed phase consists of spherical polymer particles with a diameter of less than 1 μm, and the dispersion medium is water
In the paint and varnish industry, the most common is primary dispersions obtained by emulsion polymerization (WB paints)
Summary
When using paints and varnishes, great attention is paid to environmental aspects [1], which leads to a large-scale replacement of organ-dilute paints with water-borne ones. In work [3], as a result of emulsion polymerization, in contrast to polymerization in solution (secondary dispersion), polymer macromolecules contained inside the particles of the dispersed phase were obtained This makes it possible to use high-molecular polymers as film formers for WB paints, which cannot be used in the form of solutions due to their high viscosity. The relevance of our scientific area is due to the need to study the effect of surfactants on the wettability of pigments and steel substrates with solutions of acrylic resins in the composition of WB paints The results of these studies are important for the industry as they would create new environmentally friendly anti-corrosion WB paints, with an increased protective resource of operation. These acrylic paints could well be used in everyday life and industry for painting various surfaces
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