Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a bacterial and zoonotic disease which is transmitted through consumption of unpasteurized milk and uncooked meat and inhalation of aerosols. In this paper, a deterministic mathematical model is formulated to study the transmission dynamics of bTB in humans and animals. The basic reproduction number R0 is computed to determine the behavior of the disease. Stability analysis shows that there is a possibility for disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium to coexist when R0 = 1. To determine parameters which drive the dynamics of bTB, we performed sensitivity analysis. The analysis shows that the rate at which dairy products are produced, the rate of transmission of bTB from animal to animal, and the rates at which human acquires bTB from infectious dairy products and animals drive the transmission of bTB. However, the disease decreases as the rate of consumption of dairy products decreases. To control bTB, education campaign, inspection of dairy products, treatment of infected humans, and quarantine of infected animals are recommended.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem which is among the top ten diseases which are leading in causing death for many people [1]
Many studies have ignored the role of dairy products in the spread of bTB. is study aims to find the parameters which drive the dynamics of bTB and explore the role played by dairy products in the transmission dynamics of bTB
Studies such as Agusto et al [15], Liu et al [16], Mathews et al [11], and Phepa [17] developed mathematical models to study the transmission dynamics of bTB and its control strategies. Most of these studies did not consider the impacts of dairy products in the transmission of bTB the products are among the factors which drive the transmission of bTB since they are consumed by large number of people worldwide [18, 19]. ese products are among the factors which lead in the spread of bTB as some of the findings reported the products to contain Ramos et al [20]. is study uses a mathematical model to study transmission dynamics of bTB in human beings and livestock by considering dairy products as a risk factor for the transmission of bTB
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem which is among the top ten diseases which are leading in causing death for many people [1]. Is study aims to find the parameters which drive the dynamics of bTB and explore the role played by dairy products in the transmission dynamics of bTB Studies such as Agusto et al [15], Liu et al [16], Mathews et al [11], and Phepa [17] developed mathematical models to study the transmission dynamics of bTB and its control strategies. Most of these studies did not consider the impacts of dairy products in the transmission of bTB the products are among the factors which drive the transmission of bTB since they are consumed by large number of people worldwide [18, 19]. Is work is organized as follows: materials and methods are presented in the Section 2 followed by model analysis, sensitivity analysis, and numerical simulation, and it is concluded with conclusion and recommendation
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