Abstract
Background: Happiness is the degree of emotion that a person judges with his overall quality of life as an utterly desirable life. The purpose of this study was to model the structural relationship between happiness based on psychological well-being and self-efficacy and self-regulatory mediation among students at Farhangian University. Methods: This correlation study was carried out using structural equation modeling methods. The statistical population of this study included all undergraduate students at the Farhangian University of Golestan province who were studying in the academic year of 2016-17. By using the Morgan table, 280 people selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling. The data were collected using Savari and Arabzadeh’s educational self-regulatory scale, Sherer Self-efficacy Scale, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and Ryff’s psychological well-being questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using path analysis and structural equations with AMOS software. Results: The results showed that psychological well-being had a positive effect on happiness (P<0.02). Also, the pattern fit results showed that psychological well-being indirectly affects selfefficacy, and self-regulation has an indirect effect on happiness (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between happiness and psychological well-being with self-efficacy and self-regulation mediation. Therefore, it is possible to raise the level of happiness and psychological well-being of students through the development of programs aimed at promoting self-efficacy and self-regulation of students.
Highlights
Happiness is a kind of person’s assessment of himself and his life and includes concepts such as life satisfaction, active affections, lack of symptoms of depression and anxiety.[1]
The purpose of this study was to model the structural relationship between happiness and psychological well-being with self-efficacy intermediation and academic self-regulation among students at Farhangian University
The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of the Farhangian University of Golestan province (1100 students) in the academic year of 2015-2016, out of which 280 were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling as sample size. (Because this study is a series of path analysis studies, for estimation of the sample size, the Kline’s (2005) method was used)
Summary
Happiness is a kind of person’s assessment of himself and his life and includes concepts such as life satisfaction, active affections, lack of symptoms of depression and anxiety.[1]. Happiness does not just mean not to be sick but includes higher levels that affect both emotion and cognition.[4] Happiness is one of the factors influencing psychological wellbeing, so that happiness means positive feeling, feeling of satisfaction and minimal negative feeling, and these three factors considered as three critical factors in psychological well-being.[5] In addition, optimistic people show more effective coping behaviors, better and more valuable social relationships, higher flexibility, and more mental and physical well-being than pessimistic people.[6] Psychological well-being refers to the experienced quality of life and reflects the optimal psychological experience. The purpose of this study was to model the structural relationship between happiness based on psychological well-being and self-efficacy and self-regulatory mediation among students at Farhangian University. The pattern fit results showed that psychological well-being indirectly affects selfefficacy, and self-regulation has an indirect effect on happiness (P < 0.001)
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