Modeling the Multiband Light Curves of the Afterglows of Three Gamma-Ray Bursts and their Associated Supernovae

Abstract

Some dozen supernovae (SNe) associated with long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been confirmed. Most of the previous studies derive the physical properties of the GRB-SNe by fitting the constructed (pseudo-)bolometric light curves. However, many GRB-SNe only have a few filter data, for which the (pseudo-)bolometric light curves are very difficult to construct. Additionally, constructing (pseudo-)bolometric light curves rely on some assumptions. In this paper, we use the multiband broken power-law plus 56Ni model to fit the multiband light curves of the afterglows and the SNe (SN 2001ke, SN 2013dx, and SN 2016jca) associated with three GRBs (GRB 011121, GRB 130702A, and GRB 161219B). We find our model can account for the multiband light curves of the three GRB-SNe (except for the late-time z-band light curve of two events), indicating that the model is a reliable model. The 56Ni masses we derive are higher than those in the literature. This might be due to the fact that the 56Ni masses in the literature are usually obtained by fitting the pseudo-bolometric light curves whose luminosities are usually (significantly) underestimated. We suggest that the multiband model can not only be used to fit the multiband light curves of GRB-SNe that have many filter observations, but also fit those having sparse data.