Modeling the Infrared Bow Shock at δ Velorum: Implications for Studies of Debris Disks and λ Bootis Stars

Abstract

We have discovered a bow shock shaped mid-infrared excess region in front of δ Velorum using 24 μm observations obtained with the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS). Although the bow shock morphology was only detected in the 24 μm observations, its excess was also resolved at 70 μm. We show that the stellar heating of an ambient interstellar medium (ISM) cloud can produce the measured flux. Since δ Velorum was classified as a debris disk star previously, our discovery may call into question the same classification of other stars. We model the interaction of the star and ISM, producing images that show the same geometry and surface brightness as is observed. The modeled ISM is ~15 times overdense relative to the average Local Bubble value, which is surprising considering the close proximity (24 pc) of δ Velorum. The abundance anomalies of λ Bootis stars have been previously explained as arising from the same type of interaction of stars with the ISM. Low-resolution optical spectra of δ Velorum show that it does not belong to this stellar class. The star therefore is an interesting testbed for the ISM accretion theory of the λ Bootis phenomenon.