Abstract
Fluid flow influences the development of porosity and microstructure in castings at several levels. Fluid flow affects the temperature distribution, and thus modifies the progression of solidification. Forced convection during mold filling may give way to thermal or solutal natural convection. Shrinkage may be fed, and in the final stages it occurs through interdendritic penetration. Macrosegregation is caused by fluid movement when the metal is partially solidified. Nucleation of the solid phase is affected by fragmentation of the dendrite branches and their transport to new sites where growth proceeds. A complete model of the solidification of castings must include all of these effects. This paper reviews programs that successfully compute each of these effects. Progress is being made on their integration into comprehensive modeling systems for foundry castings. It is important that work continue on modeling at both the macro-scale and micro-scale.
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