Abstract
Since e-Mobility is on the rise worldwide, large charging infrastructure networks are required to satisfy the upcoming charging demand. Planning these networks not only involves different objectives from grid operators, drivers and Charging Station (CS) operators alike but it also underlies spatial and temporal uncertainties of the upcoming charging demand. Here, we aim at showing these uncertainties and assess different levers to enable the integration of e-Mobility. Therefore, we introduce an Agent-based model assessing regional charging demand and infrastructure networks with the interactions between charging infrastructure and electric vehicles. A global sensitivity analysis is applied to derive general guidelines for integrating e-Mobility effectively within a region by considering the grid impact, the economic viability and the Service Quality of the deployed Charging Infrastructure (SQCI). We show that an improved macro-economic framework should enable infrastructure investments across different types of locations such as public, highway and work to utilize cross-locational charging peak reduction effects. Since the height of the residential charging peak depends up to 18% on public charger availability, supporting public charging infrastructure investments especially in highly utilized power grid regions is recommended.
Highlights
As more and more policy targets worldwide focus on Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), their share will increase significantly within the years
It reveals that the system charging peak occurs at 5 pm when BEVs start charging after returning home in the evening
While in the13mofo2r7ning hours, the charging power normalized to 1000 BEVs is in urban and rural areas below 450 kW, the evening peak in the rural area is 1.5 times larger compared to urban areas
Summary
As more and more policy targets worldwide focus on Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), their share will increase significantly within the years. To ensure an efficient charging infrastructure network in the long term, pathways considering economic viability, the integration into energy systems and the Service Quality of deployed Charging Infrastructure (SQCI) are necessary already today [4]. Within this context, grid operators focus on mitigating the grid impact, Charging Station (CS) operators need viable business models to develop and maintain further investments and BEV drivers need to rely on a sufficient CS network for a fair price. The flexibility potential of charging processes can help to integrate intermittent renewable energy sources and contribute, for instance, to the power stability in the energy system [6,7]
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