Abstract
ABSTRACT: Simulations for root growth, crop growth, and N uptake in agro-hydrological models are of significant concern to researchers. SWMS_2D is one of the most widely used physical hydrologically related models. This model solves equations that govern soil-water movement by the finite element method, and has a public access source code. Incorporating key agricultural components into the SWMS_2D model is of practical importance, especially for modeling some critical cereal crops such as winter wheat. We added root growth, crop growth, and N uptake modules into SWMS_2D. The root growth model had two sub-models, one for root penetration and the other for root length distribution. The crop growth model used was adapted from EU-ROTATE_N, linked to the N uptake model. Soil-water limitation, nitrogen limitation, and temperature effects were all considered in dry-weight modeling. Field experiments for winter wheat in Bouwing, the Netherlands, in 1983-1984 were selected for validation. Good agreements were achieved between simulations and measurements, including soil water content at different depths, normalized root length distribution, dry weight and nitrogen uptake. This indicated that the proposed new modules used in the SWMS_2D model are robust and reliable. In the future, more rigorous validation should be carried out, ideally under 2D situations, and attention should be paid to improve some modules, including the module simulating soil N mineralization.
Highlights
‘SWMS’ is a computer program for simulating water and solute movement in two- or three-dimensional, variably saturated media and is one of the most widely used mechanistic models
N uptake, and root and crop growth are the main components for simulations using crop models and on-site measurements, which are of particular concern to both researchers and farmers
There are some other crop N models dealing with similar processes, but they are not process based
Summary
‘SWMS’ is a computer program for simulating water and solute movement in two- or three-dimensional, variably saturated media and is one of the most widely used mechanistic models. N uptake, and root and crop growth are the main components for simulations using crop models and on-site measurements, which are of particular concern to both researchers and farmers. The study incorporated crop growth, root growth, and N uptake modules into SWMS_2D This newly developed model can be used in a wide area of research. There are some other crop N models dealing with similar processes (soil water movement, crop growth, root growth, N uptake, and others), but they are not process based. The model developed is process based, and complex It involves many of the processes (including soil water movement, root and crop growth, and N uptake) that govern water and N dynamics in the soil-crop system. Other similar studies can be found in a large body of literature (Groot and Verberne, 1991; Li et al, 2009; Zhang et al, 2009; Biernath et al, 2011)
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