Abstract
Maturity and petroleum generation have been modeled in a 120-km-long northeast-southwest cross section of the Southern Muglad basin, Sudan. The section passes close to the Unity and Kaikang areas, which provide well control on the structure interpreted from gravity and seismic reflection profiles. Modeling of geotherms from corrected bottom-hole temperatures indicates present heat flows around 60 mW/m2 in the well control areas. Using measured vitrinite data as calibrant, maturity can be modeled equally well with a constant paleoheat flow similar to the present day or with a complex heat flow pattern related to rifting. A geologically realistic complex heat flow model was employed to calculate the timing of generation and expulsion from the Lower Cretaceous lacustrine source rocks of the Abu Gabra and Sharaf formations. Kinetic (Easy% Ro) calculation of vitrinite maturity indicates a projected oil preservation depth limit around 4000 m shallowing to around 3500 m northeast of Unity near the basin margin.
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