Abstract
The article deals with the acute phenomenon in the 21st century – the distribution of time for work and personal life. Employed people in the modern society are most frequently faced with problems of work-life conflict. For this reason, this article primarily focuses on determination of optimal time allocation for work and personal life. First, this study analyzes the theoretical aspects of time allocation for work and personal life. Subsequently, a model for optimal time allocation for work and personal life is presented and the research methodology is substantiated. The model is realized by solving the multicriterial (target) optimization problem using weighting coefficients and priority methods and performing sensitivity analysis. This model is composed based on the employed population of Lithuania, but it can be adapted to other countries as well. In this case, the original questionnaire and time diary data should be obtained in the country under investigation. The results of the empirical research carried out showed that the population in Lithuania in 2017 begins to devote more time to personal life compared to 2003. Nevertheless, employed populations do not optimally allocate time between work and private life. For this reason, the article provides recommendations for employed people in Lithuania seeking to balance distribution of time for work and personal life, taking into consideration the current and desired monthly net wages.
Highlights
The distribution of time to work and personal life reflects the behavior of the participants in the labor market, their social habits, differences between market participants, etc.; all of which are important in the analysis of the 21st century labor market issues
On the other hand, having identified an optimal time distribution, when the desired net monthly wage falls within the range [616; 874] euros, it is established that the employed people in Lithuania should spend less time on sleep and more on work than in the first case, when the optimal time allocation was set, taking into account the current net monthly wage
It has been found that the working time can be divided into two main areas: work and personal life
Summary
A mathematical model to determine time allocation optimization, in order to balance the time spent on work and private life, and taking into account the current / desired net monthly earnings of the employed person (see formula 1, the restrictions are given in formulas 2–10): min Z = ∑nj=1 sj dj+ + sjdj−, (1) Based on the realized mathematical model, it is advisable for the employed people to reduce the time allocated for other physiological needs to (02:07 hrs.), for study to (00:16 hrs.), for leisure (in the narrow sense, 02:45 hrs.), for travel (00:42 hrs.), another activities (00:04 hrs.), and increase the time spent sleeping (at 00:56 hrs.), work (01:05 hrs.), house work and childcare (03:57 hrs.).
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