Modeling on environmental quality evaluation for urban residential area by high resolution remote sensing classification informatics

Abstract

Good living environment is the foundation of healthy life quality. This article explores an environment quality evaluation model for urban residential areas, the standard rules are health, comfort and convenience life, it takes high resolution remote sensing images as sources of information, and regards gap of the real factors status to the ideal values as conference of scoring. In the model, seven factors as: green, impervious, comfort, landscape, population, neighborhood environment, traffic condition and shopping distance are selected, it includes fourteen index altogether, they are: tree/shrub cover, grass cover, impervious cover, green cover, water cover, clean water cover, road area per capita, green land area per capita, landscape diversity, landscape uneven distribution, population density, neighborhood eco-environment, main roads nearby and distance to shopping mall. Some index such as green index, road area per capita and landscape index are of traditional and in common use index, some such as population index, water cover and neighbor environment are new or few used index in urban residential area eco-environmental quality evaluation. All the index information are classified or extracted from high resolution satellite Quick-bird image, the weights come from APH and experts scoring method, to obtain the idea values, many norms are studied and lots of field surveying are executed to get compromised results, the idea values of some new index that was first presented in this paper such as population density et al, are given conferencing the newest comfortable residential area, for example, Cui-ping basin garden and Hai-tang garden of Ao-ti new city of Nanjing city. There are two scoring style for all index, those positive index, such as green cover, water cover, landscape relative index gain higher score when they has fewer gap to the ideal value, on the other hand, the negative index, such as impervious, road area per capita, population density, gain the highest score when it equal to the ideal value, score lower when it is too large or too low, for the purpose of both economic and environmental thinking, the total scores are calculated by comprehensive index method. When test the model in 8 different kinds of residential areas of Nanjing city, we get a convincing results, the model may suggests some advice for urban residential environmental quality evaluation, deepens the application of high resolution remote sensing information, and provides reference for urban planning. There are some shortages in the model also, it is, we got the weights, the score standards and the ideal values of index system by subjective method, which violates some scientific theorems, we plan to study the mechanism of the index to environment to get objective parameters next step.