Abstract
AbstractThis chapter presents the modeling of various renewable energy resources (RERs) such as solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, small hydro, pumped hydro, geothermal, biomass, and battery energy storage. RERs are an infinitely sustainable and environmentally friendlier form of energy that will help reduce the dependency on traditional fossil fuels-based electrical power generation. The abundance of wind and solar irradiation in nature makes wind and solar PV energy the resources with great potential if accuracy in planning and technology compiled together. Modeling of power output from different RERs and the uncertainty handling of solar PV and wind energy systems are described in this chapter. Battery storage systems provide energy to the system when the supply from RERs cannot meet the required load demand. Battery storage units are used to store the extra amount of power produced by the RERs. Small hydropower generators work at variable speeds as the water flows at various speeds. Geothermal thermal energy involves accessing underground hot water or steam from wells several miles into the earth. Sustainable biomass energy can be generated by burning several types of biomass fuels which are converted into several forms of energy after combustion. The modeling of all these resources along with their advantages and disadvantages are discussed in this chapter.KeywordsBattery storageBiomassGeothermalPumped hydroWind energySolar PVSmart gridSmall hydro
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