Modeling of the optical response of two-dimensional hexagonal periodicity photonic structures with cylindrical inclusions with randomly rough surfaces that include dispersive LHM

Abstract

The interest to develop nanoscale devices is due to their ability to manipulate the optical properties through their structure. With an increasing interest in the recent decades, different types of Photonic Crystals (PC) have also been proposed. A PC is a periodically ordered material in which the refractive index is modulated. It has been shown in recent years that adding new materials to the structure of photonic crystals results in novel properties of these systems, which were originally conceived as composed of purely dielectric materials. One option is to consider this type of systems with dispersive Left-Handed Materials or metamaterials. The optical properties of the PCs depend on the type of periodicity, the geometry of the inclusions, the contrast of the refractive index and the filling fraction of the photonic structure. In this work, a numerical technique known as the Integral Equation Method was used to model the optical response of a two-dimensional photonic structure with a hexagonal lattice of cylindrical inclusions containing smooth and random rough surfaces that include dispersive LHM. It was obtained that the roughness of the inclusions modulates the optical response, in some cases varying the intensity and in others the direction of propagation. This property is very useful and has multiple applications in waveguides, filters, omnidirectional mirrors, beam splitters, etc.