Abstract
Abstract One of the key problems in managing the realization of a construction project is the selection of appropriate working crews and coordinating their activities in a way that ensures the highest degree of implementation of defined goals (minimizing the project duration and/or reducing downtime and related costs). Most of the existing methods of work harmonization used in construction industry allow obtaining the desired results only in relation to the organization of the processes realization in repetitive linear projects. In case of realization of non-linear construction objects or construction units, it is usually necessary to choose between the reduction of the project implementation time and maintaining the continuity of crews work on the units. It was found that there is a lack in the literature of developed method enabling harmonization of crews’ work, while minimizing the downtime at work and the duration of the entire project taking into account additional constraints, e.g. the need to not exceed the deadlines for the realization of the project stages. The article presents the concept of a multi-criteria optimization method of harmonizing the execution of non-linear processes of a multi-unit construction project in deterministic conditions. It will enable the reduction of realization time and downtimes in work, taking into account the preferences of the decision maker regarding the relevance of the optimization criteria. A mathematical model for optimizing the selection of crews and order of completion of units in multi-unit construction projects was also developed. In order to present the possibility of usage of the developed concept, an example of the optimal selection of crews and their work schedule was solved and presented. The proposed method may allow for better use of the existing production potential of construction enterprises and ensure synchronization of the crews employed during the work, especially in the case of difficulties in acquiring qualified staff in construction industry.
Highlights
The conditions for the realization of construction projects are speci c and signi cantly diverge from those that occur while carrying out projects in other areas of the economy
In case of realization of non-linear construction objects or construction units, it is usually necessary to choose between the reduction of the project implementation time and maintaining the continuity of crews work on the units
It was found that there is a lack in the literature of developed method enabling harmonization of crews’ work, while minimizing the downtime at work and the duration of the entire project taking into account additional constraints, e.g. the need to not exceed the deadlines for the realization of the project stages
Summary
The conditions for the realization of construction projects are speci c and signi cantly diverge from those that occur while carrying out projects in other areas of the economy. Functional and aesthetic aspects of construction objects result in the need of changing the spacing of load-bearing elements of constructions, and makes it impossible to level the times of realization of processes and makes it di cult to harmonize the work of crews In such cases, construction managers, using traditional methods of scheduling, based in many cases on the use of network planning methods, cannot simultaneously take into account the relevant criteria for optimizing schedules: minimizing the time of completion of the entire project and downtime of crews work and seeking compromise solutions. Jaśkowski and Tomczak (2017) developed a mathematical model of the problem of minimizing work downtime among the crews of the general contractor at a directively xed time and cost limit of the project realization, taking into account the limitations in the availability of crews and the possibility to subcontract the works. The example may be the need to not exceed the directive deadlines for the realization of the project stages
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