Abstract
The article is devoted to the issues of numerical calculation of the characteristics of the electromagnetic field of radiating apertures. Тhe radiating aperture is a universal electrodynamic model used in the analysis of a special class of antennas, in particular, mirror and horn antennas, in the study of diffraction phenomena, in the planning of radio wave propagation paths, and when solving problems of wireless transmission of electric energy at a distance. The structure of the electromagnetic field of a radiating aperture in the intermediate and far zones is of the greatest interest according to the needs of practice. However, the theoretical solutions of these problems are usually difficult to obtain, except for some special cases related to the far zone. This leads to the development of appropriate computational models. This paper is aimed at generalization and systematization of experience in developing software for the simulation of electromagnetic field characteristics of radiating apertures in the intermediate and far zones. This paper considers an approach to developing a computational model of a radiating aperture that may be used to calculate the characteristics of electromagnetic field in the intermediate and far zones. Examples of results obtained for circular and ring apertures describing the structure of their electromagnetic field are given. Examples of flight diagrams of a circular aperture are given. The effect of “searchlight” localization of the electromagnetic field in the intermediate zone of a circular emitting aperture is demonstrated. The effect of mutual compensation of neighbouring Fresnel zones using the circular emitting aperture model is demonstrated. A program was developed for calculating the characteristics of the electromagnetic field of radiating holes in the intermediate and far zones. The results can also be used as illustration material for teaching the academic disciplines “Electrodynamics and radio wave propagation” and “Microwave devices and antennas”.
Highlights
Financial disclosure: Authors have no a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned
Тhe radiating aperture is a universal electrodynamic model used in the analysis of a special class of antennas, in particular, mirror and horn antennas, in the study of diffraction phenomena, in the planning of radio wave propagation paths, and when solving problems of wireless transmission of electric energy at a distance
The structure of the electromagnetic field of a radiating aperture in the intermediate and far zones is of the greatest interest according to the needs of practice
Summary
Статья посвящена вопросам численного расчета характеристик электромагнитного поля излучающих апертур. В соответствии с нуждами практики наибольший интерес представляет структура электромагнитного поля излучающей апертуры в промежуточной и дальней зонах. Цель статьи – обобщение и систематизация опыта разработки программного обеспечения для моделирования характеристик электромагнитного поля излучающих апертур в промежуточной и дальней зонах. В статье рассматривается подход к разработке вычислительной модели излучающей апертуры, позволяющей рассчитывать характеристики электромагнитного поля в промежуточной и дальней зонах, приводятся примеры получаемых результатов для случая круглой и кольцевой апертур, характеризующие структуру их электромагнитного поля. Продемонстрирован эффект «прожекторной» локализации электромагнитного поля в промежуточной зоне круглой излучающей апертуры и эффект взаимной компенсации соседних зон Френеля с использованием модели кольцевой излучающей апертуры. Разработана программа на языке С++ для расчета характеристик электромагнитного поля излучающих апертур в промежуточной и дальней зонах.
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