Abstract
Purpose of work. Determine the conditions of the side rocks stability in a coal massif with different ways of support coal-rock stratum to ensure safe working conditions for miners in the excavation areas of a coal mine with steep coal seams. To achieve this goal, laboratory studies were carried out on models of optical and equivalent materials. The modeling of the stability of side rocks in a coal-rock massif was carried out with the methods of support roadways with vertical timber setsand wooden crib supports: 4-point chock.On models made of optical materials in the analysis of the static field of the distribution of shear stresses in side rocks, the regularity of the change in hazardous manifestations of rock pressure, depending on the deformability of support structures, was recorded. On equivalent models of support structures, the deformation characteristics of experimental samples were determined and their effect on the integrity of the roof under the action of static loads was established. When using rigid support structures in the form of vertical timber sets made of wooden racks to protect sliding drifts, there is a deterioration in the stability of side rocks and destruction of the roof. When using flexible support structures in the form of wooden crib supports: 4-point chock, a smooth deflection of the roof and its integrity are observed. A decrease in the size of the stress concentration zone in the model of a coal-rock massif with workings after the compaction of flexible support structures located above the haul roadway, due to a change in their rigidity, when as a result of the convergence of side rocks, a smooth deflection is provided and the movement of the roof is limited. To ensure the stability of side rocks and development workings, as well as reduce the level of injuries of miners from landslides and collapses in the excavation areas of coal mines that develop steep seams, it is advisable to use flexible support structures, when using which, a smooth deflection of side rocks and their integrity in the mined-out area is ensured coal massif.
Highlights
The modeling of the stability of side rocks in a coal-rock massif was carried out with the methods of support roadways with vertical timber setsand wooden crib supports: 4-point chock.On models made of optical materials in the analysis of the static field of the distribution of shear stresses in side rocks, the regularity of the change in hazardous manifestations of rock pressure, depending on the deformability of support structures, was recorded
When using rigid support structures in the form of vertical timber sets made of wooden racks to protect sliding drifts, there is a deterioration in the stability of side rocks and destruction of the roof
A decrease in the size of the stress concentration zone in the model of a coal-rock massif with workings after the compaction of flexible support structures located above the haul roadway, due to a change in their rigidity, when as a result of the convergence of side rocks, a smooth deflection is provided and the movement of the roof is limited
Summary
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СТІЙКОСТІ БІЧНИХ ПОРІД У ВУГЛЕПОРОДНОМУ МАСИВІ ПРИ РІЗНИХ СПОСОБАХ ОХОРОНИ ВИРОБОК. Моделювання стійкості бічних порід у вуглепородному масиві при різних способах охорони виробок. Для оцінки стійкості підготовчої виробки були виконані шахтні дослідження з вивчення проявів гірничого тиску у відкатному штреку при різних способах охорони, коли встановлювалася величина зміщення бічних порід на контурі та зміни площі поперечного перерізу штреку по довжині виїмкової дільниці. Вивчення особливостей руйнування бічних порід, при різних способах охорони виробок з урахуванням деформаційних характеристик охоронних споруд, їх вплив на стан відкатних штреків і на основі цього, розробка ефективних заходів, спрямованих на забезпечення стійкості покрівлі у вуглепородному масиві, сприятиме створенню безпечних умов праці гірників на виїмкових дільницях вугільної шахти. Для моделювання стійкості бічних порід у вуглепородному масиві при різних способах охорони відкатних штреків, були виконані лабораторні дослідження на експериментальних моделях з оптичних матеріалів.
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