Abstract
A simulation model was developed and verified for a small scale reverse osmosis (RO) system operating in a closed-loop concentrating mode. The model combines material balances on the feed tank, membrane module and product tank with membrane mass-transfer models. The proposed model is a nonlinear differential equation representing the feed concentration as a function of operating time. Correlations of flux, solute concentrations, and rejection with operating time and overall system recovery are functions of the model. Total dissolved solids (TDS) was the parameter representing solute concentration. Data from simple salt and industrial wastewater experiments were used to verify the model. The model suggests a good fit to the data over the range studied.
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