Modeling of Power Systems with Wind, Solar Power Plants and Energy Storage

Abstract

This paper describes the process of frequency and power regulation in integrated power systems with wind, solar power plants and battery energy storage systems. A mathematical model consisting of the general power balance equation, equations describing the operation of all generators, electrical load and losses, as well as limitations and initial conditions has been developed for the research. The obtained model allows studying the features of frequency and power regulation during operation of wind, solar power plants and battery energy storage systems for different conditions and characteristics of system elements, as well as determining the most effective laws of regulation. Calculations were performed on an aggregated scheme of the power system, which includes nuclear and thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants, loads, losses, wind, solar power plants and battery energy storage systems. It is shown that introduction of wind and solar power plants of large capacity into the structure of generating capacities of the integrated power system without taking additional measures on power balancing can lead to unacceptable frequency deviations in the system. It was proved that stabilization of frequency and power in integrated power systems with powerful wind and solar power plants can be achieved by introducing into the structure of integrated power systems of battery energy storage systems with a capacity comparable to the installed capacity of renewable energy sources. The results of modeling the operation modes of the mentioned power systems showed that the accuracy of frequency and power regulation in them is achieved higher than the standard for the EU power system ENTSO-E.