Abstract
Moringa oleifera (MO) oil solubility behavior in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was investigated at temperature rang e from 35 to 60°C and pressure from 15 to 30MPa. It was observed that pressure played key role on solubility while temperature has minor effect on solubility relative to that of pressure. Solubility was covariant with pressure. Solubility effect with temperature shifted to opposite behavior when pressure has reached the crossover pressure point at 26.38MPa. At p < 26.38MPa, an increased temperature has reduced the solubility. While at p ≥ 26.38MPa, the increased temperature led to an enhanced solubility. Fractionation of the oil during extraction period was observed too. Short chain fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, C16:1) reduced by 21.87, 7.94 and 9.49% while long chain fatty acids (C20:0, C20:1, C22:0, C24:0) increased by 22.43, 11.42, 21.76 and 35.71% respectively. All C18 fatty acids (stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic) were not fractionated significantly during extraction period. However, the effect of the fractionation on the solubility was insignificant. Furthermore, modeling of MO oil solubility in SC-CO2was conducted. Del Valle-Aguilera model with root mean square percentage deviation of 6.18% is recommended for high oleic oil solubility in SC-CO2.
Highlights
Moringa oleifera (MO) is well known in Asian countries, Africa, South America, the Caribbean and Oceania [1,2]
The isotherms of Chrastil and Adachi-Lu models did not converge in all cases. It suggests that Del Valle-Aguilera model should be applied for high oleic oil solubility in SC-CO2
Effect of process parameters on Moringa oleifera oil solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide were studied within the range of temperature from 35 to 60°C, range of pressure from 15 to 30MPa
Summary
Moringa oleifera (MO) is well known in Asian countries, Africa, South America, the Caribbean and Oceania [1,2]. Supercritical fluids extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) has been wide attended by researchers and their successes cited in the fields of pharmaceuticals, food processing, environment, polymer and cosmetic. An increase in pressure may results to increase in density, enhances the solvation power of SC-CO2. The elevation of temperature leads to reduce solvation power due to decrease in density. An contrast behavior is observed that the increased temperature may lead to enhance vapor pressure, improves solubility [11,12,13,14,15]. Solubility is commonly measured either dynamic or static method, in which, solvent is directly in contact with either liquid oil or ground material. The effects of pressure in the range from 15 to 30MPa and temperature from 35 to 60°C on the solubility behavior were investigated. Modeling of solubility of the oil in SC-CO2 was conducted
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