Modeling of MHD hybrid nanofluid flow through permeable enclosure

Abstract

Imposing the magnetic field and dispersion of nanopowders have been discussed in this paper to provide the opportunity for control the fluid movement. The second law components were analyzed and Bejan number was calculated. Outcomes illustrated that augmenting permeability allows improving the nanopowder movement and thinner boundary layer provides denser isotherm which results in greater Nu and lower Be. Growth of Ra characteristics leads to stronger buoyancy forces which boost the convection transportation and stronger circulation results in greater Nu. In addition, the share of [Formula: see text] reduces with reduction of boundary layer thickness, so, Be has reverse relation with both permeability and Ra. An increment of Ha results in thicker boundary layer and isotherms become parallel and the convection weakens. So, Nu declines with growth of Ha and an opposite trend was calculated for Be. Reduction impact of Da on Be is negligible when Ra has the lowest value.