Abstract
Presently, most models of crowd evacuations within a building are created manually. This is inefficient. To address this issue, this paper focuses on the differences and relationship between industry foundation classes (IFC) and the macroscopic network model for evacuation (MNME), and studies the mapping and construction methods used to convert entity objects into nodes and arcs in the MNME. Furthermore, corresponding attribute information in the MNME are established from IFC. Based on this process, the MNME is created and used as an input to EVACNET4 to obtain simulation results. Finally, the results, together with a 3D building model, are expressed in a unified environment. Our study results show that a network as well as the relevant attributes can be automatically generated from IFC, and can be adapted to different working conditions. The method proposed in this paper can automatically map the semantic information model to the MNME and the simulation result as well as the building model can be integrated in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment.
Highlights
IntroductionThe internal structure and function of buildings are becoming increasingly complex [1]
As society develops, the internal structure and function of buildings are becoming increasingly complex [1]
The generated macroscopic network model for evacuation (MNME) is used as a data source for EVACNET4 and the results are visualized together with the building model in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment
Summary
The internal structure and function of buildings are becoming increasingly complex [1]. Buildings must have a means of evacuating their occupants at times of emergency, such as in the event of a fire [2]. Based on knowledge of various indoor spaces, the majority of models can be divided into macroscopic [3,4] and microscopic models [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Based on kinetic theory, some scholars have proposed mesoscopic models [13,14], which consider how heterogeneous individual behaviors can modify collective dynamics. Considering the complexity of modern buildings, microscopic and mesoscopic modeling are infeasible as the resources and time required are extremely large. Macroscopic models are a better choice for simulating evacuations in complex buildings [25]
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