Abstract
Abstract. Land subsidence is a threat that occurs worldwide as a result of the withdrawal of fluid and also underground mining. The subsidence is mainly due to excessive groundwater withdrawal from certain types of rocks, such as fine-grained sediments. Mitigating the effects of land subsidence generally requires careful observations of the temporal change in groundwater level and ideally modeling of groundwater flow and subsidence. In Turkey, land subsidence is a crucial issue in the Konya Closed Basin. When simulating the effect of long-term groundwater withdrawal on the spatial variation of subsidence rates, various coupled numerical groundwater-flow and subsidence models have been used. Also, GPS, InSAR and ENVISAT SAR images have been used for verification of the models' parameters. In the work reported here, a novel numerical solution based on consolidation theory was developed in MATLAB to predict the land subsidence of the Konya Closed Basin. In order to adjust the model to the local conditions, historical data from the study area for the years 2011–2014 were used. The presented solution allowed for subsidence model development which can support the prediction of the ground movement for the Konya Closed Basin in Turkey.
Highlights
Land subsidence occurs when groundwater has been withdrawn from certain types of rocks such as fine-grained sediments
In the areas where excessive groundwater is withdrawn from susceptible aquifer systems, land subsidence induced by aquifer-system compaction is typically observed, resulting in severe socio-economic damage for the affected communities
Present and potential future hazards have been assessed by models that are based on basic relations between groundwater levels or aquifer hydraulic head, effective or intergranular stress, the compressibility of groundwater and the aquifer skeleton, and groundwater flow (Özyurt et al, 2018)
Summary
Land subsidence occurs when groundwater has been withdrawn from certain types of rocks such as fine-grained sediments. In the areas where excessive groundwater is withdrawn from susceptible aquifer systems, land subsidence induced by aquifer-system compaction is typically observed, resulting in severe socio-economic damage for the affected communities. It is the lowered groundwater levels caused by groundwater pumping that cause land subsidence in compressible aquifer systems. Present and potential future hazards have been assessed by models that are based on basic relations between groundwater levels or aquifer hydraulic head, effective or intergranular stress, the compressibility of groundwater and the aquifer skeleton, and groundwater flow (Özyurt et al, 2018). Among 18 selected sites distributed globally the mean and median subsidence rate is 100 and 55 mm yr−1, respectively (Özyurt et al, 2018)
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