Modeling of flow performance of self-consolidating concrete using Dam Break Theory and computational fluid dynamics

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of Dam Break Theory to analytically simulate the flow profile of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) in a modified L-Box set-up. SCC mixtures with relatively low to high stability levels are cast in the vertical compartment of a modified L-Box apparatus at heights of 50 and 110 cm in order to evaluate the effect of gravitational force on flow conditions into the horizontal section of the L-Box following the opening of the sliding gate. The effect of static segregation on flow profiles was also evaluated for three different rest times of 1, 5, and 15 min. A computational fluid dynamics software was used to numerically simulate the free surface flow of the SCC that have linear and non-linear flow properties that can be described using the Bingham and Herschel-Bulkley rheological models, respectively.The results of the analytical models, based on the Dam Break Theory, and the numerical models showed accurate prediction of flow profiles that were observed in the SCC in modified L-Box apparatus. Considering the inertial and frictional forces, as well as the presence of bars in the L-Box set-up, the numerical simulations are shown to provide greater accuracy of predicting flow profiles than the analytical models. The Herschel-Bulkley rheological model led to better analytical prediction of the flow profile than the Bingham model.