Modeling of Energy Efficient Smart Lightening System Linking UML, Automata and TLA+

Abstract

The interconnection of heterogeneous sensing devices used to sense real environment data and to perform some actions accordingly is known as Internet of Things (IoT). Smart city is interconnection of different automated components in which sensors and actuators are embedded to handle real scenarios within a network. There are different approaches that are used to model IoT based smart city, but smart lightening system is not addressed in terms of energy efficiency and validation of the model. We have focused on smart lightening system using Unified Modelling Language (UML), Automata Theory and TLA+. In the proposed model, usage of energy is divided into three types: first is low energy usage, second is moderate and third is high. The energy usage in the system is dependent on the current state of the system. The street lights are turned on when a vehicle enters in region or there is dim light on the roads which is sensed by the embedded sensors. A region is defined as collection of sensors which detect vehicle entrance and exit and collectively on or off lights at a time by using a certain mechanism and communicate with the actors for decision making. The UML model developed using activity diagram is transformed into non-deterministic finite automata (NFA) which supports for validation of proposed model. The NFA-based model is further transformed into formal model using TLA+ which can be implemented after further refinements. The proof of correctness of proposed model is provided using TLC model checking facility.