Modeling in Software Environments for the Study of the Physical Properties of Ferromagnets

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of the properties of ferromagnets in different software environment. The use of magnetic properties of substances is based on whole sections of technology, such as magnetic recording of sound and images, magnetic flaw detection, magnetic exploration of minerals. There are various types of magnetic materials, among which ferromagnets have the most practical application. They are used as cores in transformers, generators, electric motors and other devices. The study of magnetic properties can be carried out both by hardware methods of direct measurements and by simulation. Traditionally, modeling of properties of both bulk and film structures is performed using statistical Monte Carlo numerical methods. At the moment, it is possible to make correlations between the crystalline structure of a magnetic material, the intensity of a ferromagnet, and the change in magnetic properties, such as the coefficient of magnetic resistance. The presented work demonstrates a method of studying the properties of ferromagnets using simulation in the software environments Proteus Professional Demonstration and MULTISIMTM for EDUCATION. The features of these software environments are analyzed. The simulation is performed by constructing in the software environments a circuit with a transformer and an oscilloscope, which determines the characteristics of hysteresis loops. To study the magnetic properties, we proposed a circuit, which includes resistors R0, R1, R1, capacitor C, ammeter, transformer T, power supply and oscilloscope outputs. The magnetic properties of the ferromagnetic material were investigated by analyzing hysteresis loops in a 500 Hz magnetized field using an electron beam oscilloscope. The studied ferromagnet in the form of a toroid has a magnetizing (primary) and measuring (secondary) windings, the number of turns of which influence on the final results of the shape of hysteresis loop. It is shown how the transformer parameters and circuit components affect the appearance of the hysteresis loop. The characteristics of hysteresis loops and their relationship with the properties of the ferromagnet are analyzed. The paper presents the instruction for hysteresis loops observation on the oscilloscope. Methods of measurements, equestions, and calculations of magnetic characteristics are presented: coercive force, residual induction, magnetic permeability, magnetization. The features of modeling in each software environment are analyzed.