Modeling for control of rotating stall

Abstract

An analytical model for control of rotating stall has been obtained from the basic fluid equations describing the process at inception. The model describes rotating stall as a traveling wave packet, sensed—in spatial components—via the Fourier decomposition of measurements obtained from a circumferential array of evenly distributed sensors (hot wires) upstream of the compressor. A set of “wiggly” inlet guide vanes (IGVs) equally spaced around the compressor annulus constitute the “forced” part of the model. Control is effected by launching waves at appropriate magnitude and phase, synthesized by spatial Fourier synthesis from individual IGV deflections. The effect of the IGV motion on the unsteady fluid process was quantified via identification experiments carried out on a low speed, single-stage axial research compressor. These experiments served to validate the theoretical model and refine key parameters in it. Further validation of the model was provided by the successful implementation of a complex-valued proportional control law, using a combination of first and second harmonic feedback; this resulted in an 18% reduction of stalling mass flow, at essentially the same pressure rise.