Abstract
Maintaining the power balance between electricity consumption and generation might become more challenging in the near future due to intermittent electricity generation. The decrease in flexibility on the generation side may at least to some extent be compensated by managing demand. Therefore, this paper concentrates on modeling the flexibility electric vehicles (EVs) are able to offer to the maintaining of power balance over a typical weekday. The modeling rests on real mobility behavior data utilized in the dynamic simulations of an EV fleet. Of particular interest are the hourly powers and energies available when a portion of the EV battery capacity is reserved for the maintaining of the balance. Employing the estimated flexibility, EV contribution to the power system frequency control and hourly regulation is analyzed in the Finnish power system. The results indicate that EVs are able to contribute to the maintaining of power balance, but this depends greatly on the reserved energy content of the batteries.
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