Abstract
AbstractDiamond irradiated with an intense femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulse is studied theoretically. The modeling is performed with the help of recently developed hybrid approach XTANT. The model includes processes of initial X-ray photon absorption resulting in photoelectron excitation, secondary electron cascades, Auger decays of K-shell holes, energy exchange between electron and atoms (electron-phonon coupling), nonthermal evolution of the atomic potential energy surface, atomic dynamics, and phase transitions. The results show that time-resolved graphitization of diamond irradiated with 24-keV photon energy pulses, as planned to be delivered at the European XFEL, takes slightly longer in comparison to the case of soft-X-ray irradiation.
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