Modeling and simulations of a reformer used in direct reduction of iron

Abstract

This paper presents a detailed modeling and simulations of a reformer unit used in the direct reduction of iron (DRI) process. A one-dimensional heterogeneous model for the catalyst tubes which takes into account the intraparticle mass transfer resistance was developed, while the furnace was modeled with bottom firing configuration. Validation against data from a local iron/steel plant showed satisfactory results. The performance variables of the unit were the process gas temperature, wall temperature and conversions of hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. The profiles of these output variables along the distance were calculated. The effect of operating parameters such as inlet temperature, natural gas flow rate and gas composition was also determined.