Abstract
The papers in this special section focus on modeling and simulation research of complex biological systems that are forged by precision medicine and healthcare. Recently, big data driven precision medicine has become one of the frontiers in biomedical study, but the complex diseases caused by interactions between genes, environments, and lifestyles are still difficult to be understood by traditional methods. Although we have more and more high-throughput molecular data measured and accumulated, we are still lacking fine and personalized clinical phenotype data. There is a long way to go from data to precision medicine/ healthcare, since the biomedical process is dynamic, evolutionary, and systematic. It is a big challenge to make these big data useful to the precision prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of complex disease. Modeling and simulation will be an essential and important method to the investigation of the mechanisms and dynamic evolution of complex diseases even with big data available. The prevention and the early diagnosis of complex diseases will be essential to the coming aging society. The shifting from clinical management to precision healthcare will be also the next challenge for scientific researches.
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